Preventing Malaria

 

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.  These mosquitoes account for about 198 million cases of malaria and an estimated 584 000 deaths (with an uncertainty range of between 367 000 to 755 000).
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), most deaths from malaria occur among African children.  In-fact, a child dies every minute in Africa because of malaria.


Here are some easy-to-do tips that cold help prevent the spread of malaria.

1.  Deal with Stagnant Water

Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water, so never allow stagnant water any where near you. Prevent your children from playing near them. Even little puddles can be breeding spots for mosquitoes.This can be managed using biological and chemical control measures. when necessary. The key strategy is to eliminate all potentials of breeding especially when the pond cannot be removed,
Larvicides could come in handy. Some contain metabolites of the baecterium Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), When ingested, it kills the larvae within a few days. It only affects fly larvae, so it won’t harm predatory insects living in the pond or water body.
Another larvicide,  the insect growth regulator (IGR) methoprene interfere with larval molting and also kills larva in a few days. IGR's however could harm other insects and arthropods that mght reside in the ponds. that might be in the pond.
Both  Bti's and IGR's could remain effective for about a month after application. Take caution not to allow children ingest them and also, one should only apply according to label directions.

2. Keep Your Surroundings Clean

The importance of maintaining good hygiene cannot be over emphasized. Mosquitoes love to breed in dirty and  bushy corners, It is very important to clear the dust bins regularly and clear or spray the grasses around your house. Also, never allow spoil food to hang around the house opened. They attract mosquitoes quickly. The kitchen sink should be dry always and the dishes must be washed.

3. Use Natural Mosquito Repellants

       A few natural ingredients could be combined and used as mosquito repellants.
One can mix 3 tablespoons of witch hazel extract from the hazel is a plant with 2 tablespoons of natural oils like olive oil, neem oil, argan oil or almond oil,  Neem oil has been used since ancient times for repelling insects. Add about 75 drops of citronella oil and a little tea tree oil,
Mix very well and put in a spray bottle and then apply before going outside. This sends the mosquitoes away as well as letting your house smelling nice. You can apply the mixture early in the  morning or at night.

4.Prophylaxis

 Certain medications have been created in order to prevent the the occurrence  of malaria.Several of such drugs exist but many Africans have no idea of their existence.
Due to the cost and seeming unavailability of these drugs, this form of treatment is mostly used by short term visitors to Africa, Pregnant women are more prone to malaria, it is advisable that pregnant women take prophylaxis during their pregnancy in order to prevent infection.
MOST drugs available for malaria prophylaxis are not recommended for pregnant women so it is very important to read carefully or seek professional guidance before using any such medication.

 5. Wear Protective Clothing

Covering your skin is on effective way of preventing mosquito bites. When you cover your skin especially while outdoors when visiting or residing in mosquito infested regions in Sub-Saharan Africa, South America and South East Asia you’ll greatly minimize mosquito bites. You can wear loose, long-sleeve shirts and trousers but if it gets to hot, this wouldn't be an option. But it is very effective and the simplest form of defence against mosquitoes.